In Nigeria’s ever-turbulent political landscape, where alliances shift like desert sands and promises often dissolve into rhetoric, the unveiling of the African Democratic Congress (ADC) as the anchor for a new opposition coalition has sparked both intrigue and skepticism. Launched in July 2025, this coalition, spearheaded by political heavyweights like former Vice President Atiku Abubakar, Labour Party’s 2023 presidential candidate Peter Obi, former Senate President David Mark, and erstwhile APC stalwarts like Rotimi Amaechi and Nasir El-Rufai; aims to challenge President Bola Tinubu and the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2027 general elections. Dubbed the “ADC Gambit,” this move has been heralded by its proponents as a bold attempt to rescue Nigeria’s democracy from the brink of collapse. But can it transcend the country’s long history of ideologically shallow coalitions and deliver a transformative political playbook? Or is it merely another recycled script doomed to unravel under the weight of ambition and opportunism?
A Coalition Born of Necessity
The ADC coalition emerges against a backdrop of mounting disillusionment. Nigeria’s democracy, now over a quarter-century old, is grappling with a crisis of legitimacy. The 2025 Nigeria Social Cohesion Survey revealed a collapse in public trust in political parties, elections, and state institutions. Economic hardship, insecurity, and a shrinking civic space have fueled voter apathy, with turnout declining steadily over recent election cycles. The ruling APC, under Tinubu, has faced criticism for what many perceive as a drift toward authoritarianism, with opposition voices stifled and democratic institutions allegedly co-opted.
This coalition, formalized at Abuja’s Yar’adua Centre in July 2025, is a calculated response to these challenges. Its architects, Atiku, Obi, and their allies, have learned from the 2023 elections, where their combined 54% vote share (Atiku’s 29% with the PDP and Obi’s 25% with the Labour Party) fell short of Tinubu’s 37% due to a fragmented opposition. Analyst Shehu Iliyasu noted, “Both Atiku and Obi felt they came so close in 2023 and would have maybe won on a joint ticket, so they want to amend their mistake by working together this time around.” The ADC, a relatively minor player since its founding in 2005, was chosen as the coalition’s vehicle partly because it lacks the internal crises plaguing the PDP and Labour Party, offering a cleaner slate for this ambitious realignment.
The Playbook: Strengths and Strategies
The ADC coalition’s strategy is multifaceted, blending political pragmatism with a narrative of national salvation. At its core, it seeks to consolidate opposition forces to prevent the APC from entrenching a one-party state, a concern voiced by interim chairman David Mark, who warned of Nigeria sliding toward “a full-blown civilian dictatorship.” The coalition boasts an impressive roster of political veterans, including former governors, senators, and ministers, giving it a broad regional appeal. Atiku’s northern influence, Obi’s southeastern base, and the inclusion of figures like Amaechi (South-South) and El-Rufai (North-West) aim to bridge Nigeria’s ethno-regional divides, a critical factor in a country where identity politics often dictates electoral outcomes.
The ADC is also making strategic moves to bolster its grassroots presence. In Sokoto, for instance, the appointment of Mainasara Umar as state coordinator signals an emphasis on mobilizing local support and engaging civil society, a departure from the elite-driven coalitions of the past. The coalition’s messaging, articulated by Mark and outgoing ADC chairman Ralph Nwosu, emphasizes “unity over division, action over excuses, and inclusion over nepotism,” with a vision to “lift Nigeria out of the ICU” and restore its global relevance. Nwosu’s call for a “super power economy” and “just and resilient institutions” taps into widespread frustration with economic stagnation and governance failures.
Moreover, the coalition is actively courting sitting governors, with reports suggesting that five PDP governors may defect to the ADC, leveraging the PDP’s internal crises to bolster its ranks. This mirrors the APC’s successful 2013 merger, which was fortified by the defection of six governors, a factor analysts like APC chieftain Igbokwe Arodiogbu argue is critical to electoral success. If the ADC can replicate this, it could gain the political and financial muscle needed to challenge the APC’s dominance.
The Risks: A House Built on Sand?
Despite its promise, the ADC coalition faces formidable challenges, many rooted in Nigeria’s political history. The country’s past coalitions, such as the NPC-NCNC alliance in the First Republic or the People’s Progressive Alliance in the Second Republic, often collapsed under the weight of personal ambitions, regional mistrust, and a lack of ideological coherence. Critics argue that the ADC is merely the latest iteration of this “well-worn playbook,” where politicians form “grand coalitions” out of convenience rather than conviction.
The coalition’s leadership is a double-edged sword. Atiku’s six failed presidential bids and Obi’s rapid shift from Labour Party darling to ADC ally raise questions about their motives. As TheInterview Nigeria bluntly put it, “The ADC represents everything wrong with Nigerian politics: ego-driven leaders who cannot see beyond their personal ambitions.” Atiku’s persistence, while admirable to some, is seen by others as a refusal to accept voter rejection, while Obi’s defection risks alienating his “Obidient” base, some of whom have threatened to sabotage the coalition unless he is named the presidential candidate. This internal tension, particularly within Obi’s camp, could fracture the coalition before it gains traction.
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The ADC itself is not immune to internal strife. In 2022, a court sacked Ralph Nwosu as national chairman, though his appeal’s outcome remains unclear, creating uncertainty about the party’s leadership stability. Additionally, a faction of ADC stakeholders, including youth and women leaders, has rejected the appointments of Mark and Aregbesola, calling them unconstitutional and demanding broader consultation. Such divisions could undermine the coalition’s unity, echoing the fate of previous alliances.
The APC, meanwhile, is not standing still. Its dismissive rhetoric, labeling the ADC a “coalition of wild goose chasers” and “internally displaced politicians” belies a strategic counteroffensive. Figures like Lagos Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu and FCT Minister Nyesom Wike have mocked the coalition’s leaders as “failed and expired,” while the APC claims to be attracting governors, not losing them. The ruling party’s control of state resources and its historical knack for exploiting ethno-regional fault lines give it a formidable edge. Political analyst Sani Hamisu argues that incumbents in Nigeria rarely lose second-term bids, a trend that favors Tinubu.
Rewriting the Playbook?
To succeed where others failed, the ADC coalition must overcome Nigeria’s entrenched political culture of opportunism and cynicism. History shows that coalitions thrive on compromise, not coercion, and require a shared vision beyond ousting the incumbent. The ADC’s stated goals, rebuilding public trust, strengthening institutions, and delivering measurable governance outcomes, are laudable but vague. To inspire a disillusioned electorate, the coalition must articulate a clear, policy-driven agenda that addresses Nigeria’s pressing issues: insecurity, unemployment, and economic decline. Obi’s emphasis on security over traditional portfolios like petroleum signals a potential shift toward pragmatic leadership, but it remains to be seen whether this resonates with voters.
The coalition must also navigate Nigeria’s electoral mechanics. The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) requires parties to select candidates through primaries or consensus, and a divisive primary could splinter the ADC’s fragile unity. Moreover, the APC’s alleged control over democratic institutions raises concerns about electoral fairness, a point Mark emphasized in accusing the government of undermining Nigeria’s democratic pillars.
The Verdict: Hope or Hype?
The ADC Gambit is a high-stakes play in Nigeria’s political chess game. Its diverse leadership, strategic focus on grassroots mobilization, and appeal to a broad coalition of opposition forces give it a fighting chance to challenge the APC’s dominance. Yet, the ghosts of past coalitions loom large, and the absence of ideological fidelity, coupled with internal divisions and a skeptical electorate, threatens to derail its ambitions.
To rewrite Nigeria’s political playbook, the ADC must do more than unite disparate politicians, it must inspire a nation weary of broken promises. As Babayola M. Toungo warns, “The future belongs to those willing to build enduring institutions rooted in principle and public trust.” Whether the ADC can rise above personality politics and deliver a vision of politics as service, not self-interest, remains an open question. For now, Nigerians watch with cautious skepticism, knowing that in politics, nothing is permanent, and today’s gambit may well shape tomorrow’s reality, or its downfall.